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ANTENNA:
Antenna fundamentals and definitions. Radiation from a current element
in free space. Quarter & half wave antennae. Reciprocity theorem.
Reciprocity theorem. Resonant and non-resonant antennae. Effective
length and aperature, gain, beam width, directivity, radiation
resistance, efficiency, polarization, impedance. and directional
characteristics of antennae, antenna temperature.
VLH, LF,
MF and HF antennas, Effect of ground on antennas, Antennae loading.
Antennae Arrays: Two element
array, N-element linear arrays, Broadside, end fire, collinear and
combination arrays, Multiplication of patterns, Binomial arrays.
Long wire, V and Rhombic
antennas, Folded dipole, Yagi-Uda antenna, Frequency independent antennas,
Log-periodic antennas. UHF and Microwave antennas – Antenna with
paraboherenectors. Horn and Lens antennas. Helical antennas, Square and
Circular loop antennas, Fundamentals of Slot and Micro strip antennas.
Antennae Measurements:
Antennae impedance, radiation pattern. gain, directivity, polarization and
phase measurements.
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RADIO
WAVE PROPAGATION: mechanism of radio wave propagation. Reflection,
refraction interference and diffraction of radio waves. Theory of
ground wave, space wave and sky wave propagation. Plane earth
reflection, Reflection factors for horizontal and vertical
polarisations. Duct propagation and troposphere scattering. Various
ionosphere layers. Characteristics of ionosphere and its effects on
wave propagation. Critical frequency, virtual height, skip zone &
maximum usable frequency. Multiple hop transmission. Oblique &
vertical incidence transmission. Effect of earth's magnetic field,
solar activity and meteorological conditions on wave propagation.
Recommended
Books:
- J.D.
Kraus, 'Antennas', Mc-Graw Hill.
- C.A.
Balanis, 'Antenna Theory', Harper &Row.
- K.D.
Prasad, 'Antenna and Wave Propagation, SATYA Prakashan, New Delhi.
- E.C.
Jordan and K.G. Balmain, 'Electromagnetic waves an Radiating Systems',
Prentice hall of India.
- R.E.
Collin, 'Antennas & Radio Wavc Propagation", Mc-Graw Hill.
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